Spread across five hills, this place offers a unique overview of the evolution of the civilizations that inhabited the island. The first traces of settlements date back to the Early Bronze Age (18th–14th century BC), with rock-cut tombs and circular huts attributed to the Castelluccio culture. After a long period of abandonment, Vassallaggi was reoccupied in the 8th century BC by indigenous populations, and later Hellenized in the 6th century BC by Greeks from Agrigento. During this period, the site became an important military outpost, with the construction of defensive walls and a sanctuary dedicated to Demeter and Kore.
During the visit, one can admire the remains of fortifications, the foundations of dwellings, necropolises with chamber tombs, and the remains of the sanctuary. Many of the artifacts found here, such as Attic ceramics, bronze objects, and votive statuettes, are on display in the Archaeological Museum of Caltanissetta.
It is believed that Vassallaggi may correspond to the ancient city of Motyon, mentioned by ancient historians as an important fortified center in inland Sicily. Moreover, prehistoric caves in the surrounding area have yielded Christian tombs from the 5th century AD, evidence of the site’s long continuity of life.